Agents are designed to interact with users and collaborate with other specialized agents to achieve complex objectives. Their primary role is to process user inputs and work together through agent-to-agent communication, leveraging their unique specialties to accomplish larger goals. The Human-in-the-Loop approach is integrated to involve humans in reviewing outputs or granting approvals, ensuring critical oversight where automation alone isn’t sufficient.

• Agents respond to user requests with accurate, tailored answers.
• Specialty agents coordinate their skills for complex tasks.
• Human-in-the-Loop provides review or approval when needed.

User Communication: Chat and Speech Interfaces

Agents use chat and speech interfaces to engage users in real-time, conversational exchanges. Chat interfaces in apps or websites let users ask questions or get help via text, while speech interfaces, like those in virtual assistants, enable voice-based interaction. Both rely on natural language processing to deliver clear, personalized responses.

Agent-to-Agent Communication: Protocols, Text, and File References

Specialized agents collaborate using structured methods to achieve shared goals:

• Emerging Protocols like Agent Protocol and MCP: Agent Protocol (ANP) supports secure, decentralized data exchange, while Model Context Protocol (MCP) standardizes tool access, streamlining agent teamwork.
• Passing Natural Language Text: Agents share instructions or updates in text, using their language skills to process and act on them.
• Passing Pointers/References to Files (e.g., URLs): Agents send URLs or file paths to share data efficiently, enabling real-time access without heavy transfers.

These approaches ensure agents connect with users intuitively and work together technically for optimal outcomes.

Specific Techniques

AGNTCY, Agent Connect Protocol (ACP)

Agent2Agent (A2A)

Model Context Protocol (MCP)